Is there any strategy against adaptoids?

I'm having problem with adaptoids, they're annoying and not always easy to deal with. Even if i manage to kill them fast they still manage to do a lot of damage to my armor and weapons. And sometimes they just jump at me at surprise and kill me.

Is there any strategy to dealing with them, any preemptive i can take against them? Is there any way i could make them show themself from safe distance without destroying the object i might suspect is adaptoid? Can sensor detect adaptoids in the room?